Professional portrait of Ralph T O'Brien, expert on AI and data protection for schools and multi

We present an article written by our Featured Guest Expert Ralph T O'Brien for our school and multi academy trust customers about using AI in schools and trusts. Ralph O’Brien is a global privacy and data protection professional with over 25 years’ experience helping organisations manage data protection and privacy risk, prevent data harms, and build practical, trustworthy information governance programmes

Artificial Intelligence is shorthand for more automation.  Less humans, more machines.  AI is already in schools, and not because the headteacher has approved an AI strategy. Not because the governors have discussed it.

Graphic announcing "What's New" in the DPE Knowledge Bank, detailing portal updates and

It's been a busy summer behind the scenes of the DPE Knowledge Bank. Alongside the new academic year checklists and cyber alerts you'll have seen in our regular articles, we've been steadily updating of the portal: new courses, new guidance documents, a reorganised menu structure, and upgrades to several of the compliance tools you use every day. Here's a full round-up of what's changed.

Back to school scene with students carrying backpacks, entering a building to start the new academic year

A new academic year brings a full inbox of statutory guidance, policy refreshes and operational pressure — often all landing in the same first few weeks of term. Before the pace picks up, it's worth pausing to check that the key data protection foundations are in place. Here's what should be on your radar this September.

Digital graphic displaying a cyber security alert, warning schools about sophisticated payroll fraud and online threats.

Schools across the Thames Valley area are being targeted by criminals attempting to access staff payroll accounts, according to a warning issued by the South East Cyber Crime Unit's Cyber Protect team. In several confirmed cases, the attacks have succeeded, leaving affected staff without their pay after criminals diverted their salaries elsewhere.

Graphic illustrating the strategic steps for schools to implement DfE Digital and Technology Standards.

The DfE doesn't tell you which standard to start with. Here's the reasoning we would use in your position.

Twelve standards, no prescribed sequence, and a 2030 deadline that still feels comfortably far away until it isn't. That's the position most schools and trusts are in with the DfE Digital and Technology Standards. 

Graphic promoting the KCSIE 2026 online course, essential annual training for education staff

Keeping Children Safe in Education is the statutory guidance every school, college and MAT must work to, and every member of staff needs to understand it, every year, without exception. Our new KCSIE 2026 course is now live in your DPE training portal, built to make that annual refresh straightforward, accurate, and genuinely useful, not just a box-ticking exercise.

Digital graphic symbolizing a cyber attack and data breach at the Department for Education (DfE).

The Department for Education confirmed that hackers have accessed its internal helpdesk and the Turing Scheme portal, taking more than 600,000 records. Contact details belonging to headteachers, senior school leaders, government officials and university staff were among the data taken, and some of it has since appeared on the dark web.

Understandably, this has caused a lot of anxiety across the sector and, predictably, a lot of speculation. Was this preventable? Should the DfE have done more? Who's to blame?

Digital screen interface representing a school Management Information System (MIS) handling pupil records and DfE

A Management Information System (MIS) is the single most important data processing system a school operates. It holds pupil records, including special category data, safeguarding information, and family contact details. So when the Department for Education publishes guidance on choosing one, DPOs and data protection leads should pay attention, even when, as here, the guidance is framed in commercial rather than data protection terms.

Cover image of the Academy Trust Handbook 2026, detailing new DfE digital standards and procurement requirements.

The Academy Trust Handbook 2026 was published on 15 July 2026 and comes into effect on 1 October 2026. This year's edition strengthens the position on the DfE digital and technology standards and introduces new procurement requirements that have direct data protection implications, most notably around Management Information Systems (MIS).

Graphic representing new DfE guidance on EdTech procurement for schools, focusing on data protection.

On 9 July 2026, the DfE added a new section to its Data Protection in Schools guidance: Procuring educational technology (EdTech). It sets out what schools should consider before, during and after procuring EdTech tools, and the questions to put to prospective suppliers. Significantly, it is the first DfE guidance to directly reference the ICO's EdTech Examined audit report, telling schools to take the ICO's findings into consideration when procuring EdTech tools.

ICO EdTech Examined report graphic, highlighting data protection audit findings for UK schools and children'

The ICO's edtech audit programme, covering 28 providers used across UK primary and secondary schools, has resulted in one of the most significant data protection reports to affect the education sector in years. Published in June 2025, the ICO's EdTech Examined report made 596 recommendations and found widespread compliance failures in how edtech providers handle children's personal data. This article sets out what was found and what schools and DPOs need to do about it.

Graphic representing the Department for Education (DfE) Data Protection in Schools guidance update from June

The Department for Education (DfE) updated its Data protection in schools guidance on 17 June 2026, this refresh aligns the guidance with the wider expected KCSIE 2026 guidance and reinforces existing obligations that schools should already be acting on.

This article sets out what has changed, what it means for your school in practice, and the actions your data protection lead should be taking now.

 

DfE Filtering and Monitoring Core Standard graphic for schools and colleges, essential for safeguarding children.

The Keeping Children Safe in Education (KCSIE) document obliges schools and colleges in England to ensure appropriate filters and appropriate monitoring systems are in place and regularly review their effectiveness”. This responsibility is now a standard, no just a technical tick box, but a core leadership and safeguarding function.

Shottermill Junior School building in Haslemere, Surrey, recently impacted by a

In May 2026, Shottermill Junior School in Haslemere, Surrey became the latest UK primary school to fall victim to a ransomware attack. The LockBit 5.0 group officially listed the school as a victim on 9 June 2026, with threat intelligence monitors detecting the initial network infiltration as far back as 20 May 2026. This means the attackers had approximately three weeks of dwell time inside school systems before the attack became public knowledge.

 

Illustration depicting a cyber attack impacting Powys County Council, symbolizing the theft of personal data from schools in

What Happened?

On 4 June 2026, Powys County Council confirmed that a cyber security incident had resulted in the theft of personal data belonging to pupils, staff, and others connected to schools in mid-Wales. Thirteen schools were affected by the wider incident, with personal data specifically taken from at least one. The attack was first identified in April 2026 and, according to the council, was “quickly contained”, but not before unauthorised access to personal data had already occurred.

Illustration for World Environment Day showing the Earth surrounded by green leaves, symbolizing environmental protection and responsible waste

When we talk about environmental responsibility, we reach for the obvious symbols: carbon footprints, single-use plastic, recycling bins in the staffroom. But in schools and Multi-Academy Trusts, there’s another kind of clutter building up quietly and can carry its own consequence.

  1. A guide to multi-factor authentication
  2. World Password Day
  3. The Cyber Security Breaches Survey 2025/2026 - Key Advice for Schools
  4. The 2026 Mandate: Navigating the Children’s Wellbeing and Schools Act.
  5. Visitor Management: A Guide for Schools
  6. Under surveillance: Why your organisation's CCTV might not be compliant
  7. Update to the DfE Digital Cyber Security Standards for Schools and Colleges
  8. Wireless Network Standards for Schools & Colleges: What's New?
  9. How were schools and pupils affected by the C2K cyber attack?
  10. World Backup Day: Backups - Your Safety Net
  11. School Cyber Attack: St Anne's Catholic School
  12. Volunteer Acceptable Use Policy & Agreement
  13. Handling Subject Access Requests (SARs) - at the end of term
  14. Holiday Cheer or Cyber Fear? : Essential Pre-holiday Checks
  15. How should schools manage paper archives?
  16. Navigating the Redaction Divide: SAR or PEX?
  17. What is the Stryker cyber attack and why should schools be wary?
  18. Records Management Toolkit: Where do I start with records management?
  19. What type of request have you received? SAR? Educational Record? Or FOI?
  20. SAR Extension Template
  21. Leavers' Memorabilia
  22. Sharing photos on World Book Day: Privacy considerations
  23. Make sure DPE is your registered DPO with the ICO
  24. Supplier Due Diligence Step by Step: Are you sharing personal data with a third party organisation?
  25. Time to kick-start your Clear Desk and Screen policy?
  26. Are Governors the Frontline of Cyber Security? (February 12th is Governors Awareness Day)
  27. DPE Webinar Schedule
  28. The Data (Use and Access) Act: What does it mean for schools and MATs?
  29. Podcast Episode 2: Data (Use and Access) Act - what does it mean for schools?
  30. The Danger of the 'Data Dump': Why more information isn't always better!
  31. Cyber Alert: Surrey and Sussex Schools Targeted by Phishing and Ransomware Attacks
  32. Introducing our new Recording and Transcription Policy
  33. Parents and students covertly recording conversations
  34. New DfE AI Standards
  35. Is your IT Support Provider Compliant?
  36. The Government Cyber Action Plan
  37. School Cyber Attack: Higham Lane School Hit by Major Cyber Attack: Campus Remains Closed
  38. Shareable Snippet: Office Security Best Practices for the Holidays
  39. CCTV Policy update: retention
  40. Shareable Snippet: Be Cyber Ready
  41. Shareable Snippet: Confidential waste
  42. What does the technology in schools survey tell us?
  43. Four London councils hit by cyber attacks - Hackney, Westminster, Kensington & Chelsea, and Hammersmith & Fulham
  44. IT Support Standards for Schools and Colleges Guidance (DfE Digital Standards)
  45. Sharing information to safeguard children and young people in the education sector in the UK
  46. Is your organisation at risk from Shadow AI?
  47. October 31. On the road to improving cyber resilience
  48. October 30. Cyber Support
  49. October 29. Admin Controls & Accounts
  50. October 28. Phishing: Don't Take the Bait!
  51. October 27. Passwords
  52. October 26. Physical Security of Digital Assets
  53. October 25. Server Security: Protecting Your Digital Core
  54. October 24. Backups: Your Recovery Safety Net
  55. October 23. Filtering and Monitoring
  56. October 22. Hardware: Printers
  57. October 21. Hardware: Asset Management
  58. October 20. Hardware: Safe disposal
  59. October 19. Anti-virus/anti-malware
  60. October 18. Regular Updates: Patching Against Threats
  61. October 17. Access Control: Managing User Privileges
  62. October 16. Access Control: Securing Your Digital Gateways (Wi-Fi & Networks)
  63. October 15. Access Control: Securing Your Home Office (Working From Home)
  64. October 14. Access Control : (Multi-factor authentication)
  65. We've teamed up on a podcast with the Small Business Cyber Security Guy
  66. October 13. Cyber Security Awareness
  67. October 12. Training: Empowering your human firewall
  68. October 11. Policies and Procedures: Cyber Blueprint
  69. October 10. Understanding Your Cyber Posture
  70. Time's Ticking: Windows 10 support ends in October 2025!
  71. October 9. A Guide for Education Providers
  72. October 8. How Can Your Organisation Prevent Ransomware Attacks?
  73. October 7: Under Attack: The Reality of Ransomware
  74. October 6: Cyber Action Plan and A Roadmap to Resilience
  75. October 5: Cyber Responsibilities - We're All in This Together
  76. October 4: When a Cyber Attack Hits
  77. October 3: Data Security, the Core of Protection
  78. October 2: Privacy Protection & Safeguarding Personal Data
  79. October 1: Welcome to Cyber Security Awareness Month!
  80. Nursery Cyber attack
  81. The NCSC Cyber Assessment Framework
  82. Fraud awareness from the DfE
  83. Complaints vs. Data Rights: A Guide
  84. The Classroom's Dark Side: Cyber crime from the Classroom
  85. Data Breach: School sends out names and contact details in a spreadsheet.
  86. September 2025 Policy and Document Updates
  87. KCSIE 2025: Data Protection, AI, and Cyber Security
  88. The Online SCR Data Breach: What You Need to Know
  89. Back to School Basics for Data Protection and Cyber Security Compliance
  90. The Latest Cyber Threat: The "Murky Panda"
  91. Building a Secure School: Using the ICO Accountability Framework to Meet DfE Digital Standards
  92. Why Physical and Data Security Must Go Hand-In-Hand
  93. Digital Safeguarding: DfE announces statutory DfE Digital Standards
  94. The Data Protection Lead/Champion Role
  95. Changes to the Academy Trust Handbook 2025
  96. Compliance Reporting from the Knowledge Bank
  97. School closes for two days after cyber incident
  98. Social Media Day 2025
  99. How Ofsted looks at AI during inspection and regulation
  100. Podcast Episode 3: Records Management and Retention
  101. Podcast Episode 1 - data protection training for school staff
  102. Preschool Employment tribunal for the use of WhatsApp
  103. Social engineering + impersonation = Fraud ≡ cyber deception
  104. Data Breaches 2025 Report Highlights
  105. Not everyone needs access: The Key to Protecting Sensitive Data
  106. School cyber attack: Outwood Academy, Middlesbrough
  107. Alert: Schools receiving Microsoft File Sharing Phishing Emails
  108. School cyber attack: Framlingham College, Suffolk
  109. West Lothian Schools in Cyber Attack
  110. Getting caught in the Scattered Spider web
  111. A Wake-Up Call for Cyber Vigilance - Danger in the Threat Landscape for Everyone
  112. National Honesty Day: Transparency
  113. FOI Request - BBC News
  114. Social Media and Marketing Guidelines and Training
  115. New Governor Resources
  116. Does stress lead to more data breaches?
  117. Are teachers using AI? 83% say its a time-saver
  118. DfE Digital Standards - narrowing the digital divide
  119. Arbor AI - On By Default
  120. DfE Guidance: Choosing a new MIS
  121. HCRG Care Group data breach
  122. Apple removes its highest level data security tool from UK customers
  123. The Importance of AI literacy and training staff
  124. Short Guide to AI Video
  125. Safer Internet Day, Cyber Security & Data Protection
  126. The Cyber Resilience Championship
  127. The Multiple Dimensions of Supplier Due Diligence
  128. School shares sensitive pupil information as part of an FOI response
  129. Blacon High School Cyber Attack
  130. WhatsApp and FOI's: ICO Warnings
  131. New AI Guidance from the DfE
  132. The role of Passkeys in Cyber Resilience and Cyber Security
  133. What the proposed Government legislative proposal around cyber crime means
  134. ICO report on AI tools in recruitment
  135. DfE update to record keeping and management
  136. Update to data sharing for school immunisation programmes
  137. Early Years Settings and Cyber Security
  138. SLT Digital Lead Profile
  139. The role of governors in cyber security and data protection
  140. Navigating Privacy at the End of Term , Special Occasions and End of Year
  141. Effectively communicating during a cyber incident
  142. Contracts Register
  143. South East Technological University has experienced a cyber incident
  144. Safeguarding Identity in Microsoft 365: Protecting the UK Education Sector Against Cyber Threats
  145. DfE Digital Standards Autumn Update
  146. The importance of knowing how to access your CCTV footage!
  147. Cyber Attack on a Special School
  148. Stealing children's data
  149. What is dark data? (and why does it matter?)
  150. Ofqual highlights the value of cyber security training in schools
  151. Searching for data when you receive a Subject Access Request
  152. Fylde Coast Academy Trust Cyber Attack This Week
  153. Calling all IT leads in schools and mult academy trusts!
  154. Ransomware cyber attack on a school in Bromley
  155. Join Our Social Media Family!
  156. School hit by Cyber Attack
  157. Cyber Security Best Practice Area
  158. DfE Digital Standards for Schools and Colleges Tracker
  159. New Policies, Documents, Letters and Posters page
  160. Schools and Trusts Best Practice Area
  161. The DPE Retention Schedule
  162. Making the Rounds Update (now includes reporting)
  163. ESFA Cyber Essentials Requirement for Colleges from 2024/2025
  164. ICO Reprimands a School
  165. How does the recent global IT outage affect me?
  166. King's speech introduces new bills in relation to cyber security, smart data and digital information
  167. Out of date technology
  168. Data Retention and the Pupil File
  169. Have you assigned your SLT Digital Lead yet?
  170. What's a Cyber Incident and what should we do?
  171. Getting Started with AI (Artificial Intelligence)
  172. Cyber attack on a school during half term
  173. Free short cyber training for staff
  174. The rise of cyber attacks in schools are causing pupils to miss classes
  175. ICO: Learning from the mistakes of others report
  176. Children's mental health data leaked after a cyber attack
  177. Cyber attack on a Trust; the aftermath
  178. School Focus: The Vale Federation | Aylesbury
  179. DfE Dealing with Subject Access Requests (SARs) Guidance
  180. Update to the Guidance on Information Sharing from the DfE
  181. FOI Requests generated by Artificial Intelligence
  182. Social Media Best Practice Area
  183. Lettings Best Practice Area
  184. MFA Bombing - What is it?
  185. Protecting your Social Media Accounts
  186. Product Focus on Checklists : Initial Trust Plan
  187. Product Focus on Checklists : End of Term Checklist
  188. Product Focus on Checklists : Information and Cyber Security
  189. Product Focus on Checklists : Social Media
  190. Cyber Incident Review: The Benefits
  191. Product Focus on Checklists : Lettings
  192. Product Focus on Checklists : Record of Processing
  193. Milk Island: The secret location that allows children to view restricted content on Google Maps
  194. Why Data Should Stay Put: Benefits of Keeping Data in Its Original System
  195. Product Focus on Checklists : Data Retention and Destruction
  196. Product Focus on Checklists : Data Migration
  197. Product Focus on Checklists : Biometrics
  198. Product Focus on Checklists : Supplier Due Diligence
  199. Free Cyber help, advice and training with the Cyber Resilience Centres
  200. The Perils of Paper: The Printing Vulnerability
  201. Product Focus on Checklists : FOI
  202. Product Focus on Checklists : Governors and Data
  203. Product Focus on Checklists : DPIA
  204. Product Focus on Checklists : Site Moves
  205. Product Focus on Checklists : Data Breaches
  206. Product Focus on Checklists : Subject Access Requests
  207. Cyber attack on a University
  208. Product Focus on Checklists : Bring your own device
  209. Product Focus on Checklists : Working out of school/offsite
  210. Cyber Attack on a School
  211. Product Focus on Checklists : Redaction
  212. Major cyber-criminal gang Lockbit brought down by UK Law Enforcement
  213. Why Due Diligence is Important: Fake apps
  214. Product Focus on Checklists : CCTV
  215. Product Focus on Checklists : Clear desk
  216. Product Focus on Checklists : Commitment to compliance
  217. Product Focus on Checklists : Photos and video
  218. Product Focus on Checklists : Passwords
  219. Product Focus on Checklists : Information Classification
  220. Safer Internet Day 2024
  221. Kent Councils Data Breach
  222. Free cyber training for staff
  223. DfE Digital Standards Update
  224. The Mother of all Breaches
  225. ClassCharts Possible Data Breach
  226. Where is your data stored?
  227. IAPP looks at AI privacy risks
  228. If you suspect a financial scam .....
  229. Guardians of Privacy: 16. Social Media Checklist
  230. Guardians of Privacy: 15. Navigating Social Media in Educational Settings Summary
  231. Guardians of Privacy: 14. Social Media and Cyber Bullying
  232. Guardians of Privacy: 13. Social Media, Copyright and Intellectual Property
  233. Guardians of Privacy: 12. Social Media and Going Viral
  234. Guardians of Privacy: 11. Staff Social Media Accounts
  235. Guardians of Privacy: 10. Social Media and Cookies
  236. Guardians of Privacy: 9. Social Media and Morality
  237. New Resources for Schools from the ICO
  238. Guardians of Privacy: 8. Social Media Policies
  239. Guardians of Privacy: 7. Social Media Data Retention
  240. Guardians of Privacy: 6. Posting Safely
  241. Guardians of Privacy: 5. Social Media and Consent
  242. Guardians of Privacy: 4. Social Media Access Control
  243. Guardians of Privacy: 3. Social Media Channels
  244. Guardians of Privacy: 2. Law and Regulations
  245. Latest ICO Reprimand. Mr. S. Claus, Chief Executive Officer, North Pole Enterprises
  246. Phishing attacks targeting schools - alert from City of London Police
  247. The ICO reprimands a Multi Academy Trust
  248. Guidance for the use of school email and applying email retention in schools
  249. CISA and UK NCSC Announce Joint Guidelines for Secure AI System Development
  250. Data Protection Tips for Early Years Settings
  251. Children's Privacy around the world is a puzzle
  252. Trust Initial Plan Checklist Update
  253. Update on Advisory for Rhysida Ransomware
  254. Records Management Best Practice Update
  255. The Crime in a Cyber Attack and a Data Breach
  256. What do I need to redact?
  257. NCSC Annual Review is published for 2023
  258. Learning from Data Breaches
  259. Windows 11 security ineffective against attacks on old devices
  260. Trust Initial Plan for Data Protection Compliance (for Multi Academy Trusts)
  261. International Counter Ransomware Initiative 2023 Joint Statement
  262. Google for Education Resources: Helping IT Admins meet DfE digital and technology standards
  263. Top Ten Cyber Security Misconfigurations
  264. Lettings Best Practice and Guidance
  265. ICO Reprimand: company suffered a ransomware attack
  266. The UK Online Safety Bill becomes an Act (Law)
  267. Considerations when migrating to a new MIS
  268. The importance of software updates (PaperCut vulnerability and Rhysida ransomware)
  269. Public bodies and sensitive data
  270. Adding offline bulk training using the Certificates function
  271. Ransomware, extortion and the cyber crime ecosystem
  272. Get a DPE Badge for your website!
  273. ICO: 10 Step guide to sharing information to safeguard children
  274. Cyber Resource: The Cyber Resilience Centre Group
  275. Email and Security: ICO recent guidance
  276. Help after a Cyber Attack/Incident
  277. Social Media Policy
  278. Data Protection and Cyber Security (Inset Day) Training Ideas
  279. Changes to Microsoft Free Licensing for Schools
  280. What to do in the event of a Cyber Attack
  281. Cyber Crime: AI Generated Phishing Attacks
  282. Handling Freedom of Information Requests the right way
  283. Cyber Attack: Exam Boards
  284. VICE SOCIETY - Ransomware attacks on schools
  285. Using Tags if you are a group of organisations in the DPE Knowledge Bank
  286. Where's Harry the Hacker?
  287. Be Cyber Aware: USB Sticks
  288. Cyber Insurance in the Public Sector
  289. Types of Cyber Attacks: DDos Attack (Microsoft DDoS Attack in June)
  290. Cyber Attack: Leytonstone School
  291. The ICO Reprimands a school
  292. Be Cyber Aware: Firewalls
  293. Be Cyber Aware: Cyber attacks and transparency. A no blame culture
  294. Cyber Attack: Dorchester School
  295. Knowledge Bank Role Types: Admin, Staff and Trustee
  296. Types of Cyber Attacks: Password Attacks
  297. Be Cyber Aware: Why regular software updates are important
  298. Cyber Attack: Wiltshire School
  299. Keeping your IT systems safe and secure
  300. Types of Cyber Attacks: DDoS Attacks
  301. Types of Cyber Attacks: Phishing
  302. Types of Cyber Attacks: The Insider Threat
  303. Why your data is profitable to cyber criminals
  304. Using WhatsApp in Schools
  305. The Changes to Data Protection in the UK
  306. Knowledge Bank Updates
  307. Types of malware and how they are linked to data protection
  308. Striking Data Breach
  309. IPR Protection Email Scam
  310. Windows Server 2012 & 2012 R2 Retirement
  311. How to contact us for support, subject access requests, data breaches and FOI's
  312. YouTube breached child protection laws
  313. How a school fought back after a cyberattack
  314. Types of Cyber Attacks - Credential Stuffing
  315. January Cyber update - How Can Schools Help Prevent Cyber Attacks?
  316. Assigning courses to staff using to-dos
  317. How the Record of Processing Can Help You
  318. Information Security Basics: What are VPN's?
  319. What does a Data Protection Officer Do?
  320. Are you ready for a Data Breach?
  321. Carrying out Supplier Due Diligence
  322. How Long Should You Keep Personal Data For?
  323. The Education sector now at highest risk of cyber attacks
  324. How to Assess your Data Security
  325. Schools Blocked from Using Facial Recognition Systems
  326. The Children's Code
  327. B&H FoI: Racist/religious incidents/bullying
  328. Cyber Attacks
  329. Protocol for Setting Up and Delivery of Online Teaching and Learning
  330. Class Dojo International Data Sharing
  331. Model Publication Scheme: Amendments, Improvements and Updates
  332. Child friendly privacy notices
  333. Transparency
  334. Secure file transfer of files using Royal Mail
  335. Emergency contacts and consent
  336. Key elements of a successful DPIA
  337. FOI Publication Schemes
  338. SHARE: Avoid disinformation online
  339. Best Practice for Managing Photos and Video
  340. New Drip Feeds: Recognise and Respond to Subject Access Request
  341. When to contact the Data Protection Officer?
  342. National child measurement programme
  343. Compliance Manager released
  344. Headteacher fined for breach of data protection legislation
  345. Emails – good practice and minimising the risk of a data breach

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